Extraction, isolation and identification of four phenolic compounds from Pleioblastus amarus shoots and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro

Food Chem. 2022 Apr 16:374:131743. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131743. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Abstract

Pleioblastus amarus (P. amarus) shoots, belong to the grass family Gramineae, a traditional green vegetable in China, are rich in nutritional properties, and can provide various health benefits. This study isolated four compounds, namely (1-4), 3-O-coumaroylquinic acid (1), 3-O-feruloylquinic acid (2), 4-O-feruloylquinic acid (3), and 5-O-feruloylquinic acid (4) from Pleioblastus amarus shoots for the first time. The structures of the extracted compounds were determined using detailed spectroscopic (1D/2D NMR), high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The antioxidant capacity of 3-O-feruloylquinic acid (2) was stronger than that of the other compounds, while it also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, significantly restricting the release of nitric oxide (NO) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, displaying an inhibitory rate of 60.92 percent at a concentration of 400 μg/mL. Furthermore, 3-O-feruloylquinic acid (2) inhibited interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression and may be useful for developing novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant capacity; Pleioblastus amarus shoots; Polyphenols; Structural elucidation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents*
  • Antioxidants*
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Mice
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
  • Poaceae / metabolism
  • RAW 264.7 Cells

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • NF-kappa B
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Cyclooxygenase 2