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Optimization and modelling in flavonoid and phenolic compounds recovery from peanut skin by subcritical water

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Abstract

Subcritical water extraction (SWE) is a process for extracting phenolic and flavonoid compounds from the skin of the peanut (Arachis hypogea). The phenolic and flavonoid compounds of peanut skin were frequently recovered using a hazardous solvent in a traditional extraction procedure. Subcritical water extraction is one of the methods for overcoming the toxicity of solvents. Therefore, the study’s aim was to identify the best extraction conditions for recovering total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC), and antioxidant activity from peanut skin. The solubility of TPC and TFC in subcritical water was determined using the Chrastil and Del Valle-Aguilera models. The best conditions were 10.46 MPa pressure, 12.56 mL/min water flowrate, 120 °C temperature, 375.08 mg/100 g TPC, 396.24 mg/100 g TFC, and 87.96% antioxidant activity. The Chrastil model fits the solubility of TPC and TFC in subcritical water effectively since it has the lowest average absolute relative deviation (AARD), which is 2.81% and 4.47%, respectively. The findings demonstrate that a low temperature condition is ideal for increasing TPC and TFC.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by UTM Post-Doctoral Scheme (R.J130000.7113.05E53).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

    Nicky Rahmana Putra, Dwila Nur Rizkiyah, Zuhaili Idham & Mohd Azizi Che Yunus

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah JayaDurian Tunggal, 76100, Melaka, Malaysia

    Ibham Veza

  3. Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, 60111, Surabaya, Indonesia

    Lailatul Qomariyah

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  1. Nicky Rahmana Putra
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  2. Dwila Nur Rizkiyah
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  3. Zuhaili Idham
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  4. Ibham Veza
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  5. Lailatul Qomariyah
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  6. Mohd Azizi Che Yunus
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Correspondence to Nicky Rahmana Putra or Mohd Azizi Che Yunus.

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Putra, N.R., Rizkiyah, D.N., Idham, Z. et al. Optimization and modelling in flavonoid and phenolic compounds recovery from peanut skin by subcritical water. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03263-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03263-w

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