Abstract
Saccharides play a vital role in the human diet due to their beneficial biological and functional properties. The adverse limitations of conventional extraction methods for plant saccharides have led to the search for advanced, ecofriendly, and cost-effective extraction techniques. This review focuses on the five major emerging advanced non-conventional green techniques: ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted, enzyme-assisted, supercritical fluid, and pressurized liquid extractions. The review briefly describes the extraction principle and mechanism, advantages and limitations, and the influential operating parameters for each technique. In addition, recent trends and progress in these advanced extraction methods are discussed with a critical comparison of these techniques. Furthermore, the various process modifications and integration aspects of extraction techniques are scientifically commented upon. Challenges and future research prospects for these emerging green technologies for lignocellulosic biomass extraction are also pointed out, emphasizing the industrial realization of these techniques.
Graphical abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmadi Gavlighi H, Tabarsa M, You SG et al (2018) Extraction, characterization and immunomodulatory property of pectic polysaccharide from pomegranate peels: Enzymatic vs conventional approach. Int J Biol Macromol 116:698–706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.083
Al-Dhabi NA, Ponmurugan K (2019) Microwave assisted extraction and characterization of polysaccharide from waste jamun fruit seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 152:1157–1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.204
Al-Suod H, Ratiu I, Krakowska‐Sieprawska A et al (2019) Supercritical fluid extraction in isolation of cyclitols and sugars from chamomile flowers. J Sep Sci 42:3243–3252. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201900539
Álvarez MV, Hincapié S, Saavedra N et al (2015) Exploring feasible sources for lutein production: food by-products and supercritical fluid extraction, a reasonable combination. Phytochem Rev 14:891–897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-015-9434-0
Ameer K, Shahbaz HM, Kwon JH (2017) Green extraction methods for polyphenols from plant matrices and their byproducts: a review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 16:295–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12253
Amutha Gnana Arasi MAS, Rao MG, Bagyalakshmi J (2016) The comparison and analysis of two extraction methods for Polysaccharides in Psidium guajava L. fruits. Indian J Pharm Educ Res 50:S218–S224. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.50.3.32
Aprotosoaie AC, Gille E, Trifan A et al (2017) Essential oils of Lavandula genus: a systematic review of their chemistry. Phytochem Rev 16:761–799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-017-9517-1
Babbar N, Roy S, Van, Wijnants M et al (2016) Effect of extraction conditions on the saccharide (neutral and acidic) composition of the crude pectic extract from various agro-industrial residues. J Agric Food Chem 64:268–276. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04394
Bahramian S, Azin M, Chamani M, Gerami A (2011) Optimization of enzymatic extraction of sugars from Kabkab date fruit. Middle-East J Sci Res 7:211–216
Ben Salah H, Allouche N (2019) Plant-Based Chemicals Extraction and Isolation. In: Li Y, Chemat F (eds) Green Chemistry 2.0. Springer Singapore, pp 89–117
Cardenas-Toro FP, Forster-Carneiro T, Rostagno MA et al (2014) Integrated supercritical fluid extraction and subcritical water hydrolysis for the recovery of bioactive compounds from pressed palm fiber. J Supercrit Fluids 93:42–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2014.02.009
Chemat F (2016) Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of oilseeds. Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food Industry. CRC Press, pp 515–556
Chen G, Fang C, Chen X et al (2019) High-pressure ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Mentha haplocalyx: structure, functional and biological activities. Ind Crops Prod 130:273–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.12.086
Chen HM, Fu X, Luo ZG (2015) Properties and extraction of pectin-enriched materials from sugar beet pulp by ultrasonic-assisted treatment combined with subcritical water. Food Chem 168:302–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.078
Chen R, Jin C, Tong Z et al (2016a) Optimization extraction, characterization and antioxidant activities of pectic polysaccharide from tangerine peels. Carbohydr Polym 136:187–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.036
Chen Y, Yao F, Ming K et al (2016b) Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicines: extraction, purification, modification, and biological activity. Mol 21:1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21121705
Cheng M, Qi JR, Feng JL et al (2018) Pea soluble polysaccharides obtained from two enzyme-assisted extraction methods and their application as acidified milk drinks stabilizers. Food Res Int 109:544–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.04.056
Cheng M, Rosentrater KA (2019) Economic feasibility of soybean oil production by enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing. Food Bioprocess Technol 12:539–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-018-2228-9
Cheng Z, Song H, Yang Y et al (2015) Optimization of microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Int J Biol Macromol 76:161–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.048
Contreras MM, Lama-Muñoz A, Manuel Gutiérrez-Pérez J et al (2019) Protein extraction from agri-food residues for integration in biorefinery: potential techniques and current status. Bioresour Technol 280:459–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.040
Dahmoune F, Nayak B, Moussi K et al (2015) Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from Myrtus communis L. leaves. Food Chem 166:585–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.066
Dammak MI, Salem Y, Ben, Belaid A et al (2019) Partial characterization and antitumor activity of a polysaccharide isolated from watermelon rinds. Int J Biol Macromol 136:632–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.110
Djaoud K, Arkoub-Djermoune L, Remini H et al (2019) Syrup from common dates variety (Phoenix dactylifera L.): optimization of sugars extraction and their quantification by high performance liquid chromatography. Curr Nutr Food Sci 15:1–13. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573401315666190115160950
de Castro MDL, Priego-Capote F (2011) Microwave-assisted extraction. Enhancing extraction processes in the food industry. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 85–122
Essien SO, Young B, Baroutian S (2020) Recent advances in subcritical water and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 97:156–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.014
Fernandes PAR, Bastos R, Calvão J et al (2021) Microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity as a sustainable alternative approach for an efficient apple pomace drying. Bioresour Technol 333:125207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125207
Freitas de Oliveira C, Giordani D, Lutckemier R et al (2016) Extraction of pectin from passion fruit peel assisted by ultrasound. LWT - Food Sci Technol 71:110–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.03.027
Gam DH, Kim SY, Kim JW (2020) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and epigallocatechin gallate in lipid-extracted microalgae. Molecules 25:1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030454
Gharib-Bibalan S (2018) High value-added products recovery from sugar processing by-products and residuals by green technologies: opportunities, challenges, and prospects. Food Eng Rev 10:95–111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-018-9174-1
Gharibzahedi SMT, Smith B, Guo Y (2019a) Pectin extraction from common fig skin by different methods: the physicochemical, rheological, functional, and structural evaluations. Int J Biol Macromol 136:275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.040
Gharibzahedi SMT, Smith B, Guo Y (2019b) Ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction of pectin from fig (Ficus carica L.) skin: optimization, characterization and bioactivity. Carbohydr Polym 222:114992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.114992
Gholami A, Pourfayaz F, Maleki A (2021) Techno-economic assessment of biodiesel production from canola oil through ultrasonic cavitation. Energy Rep 7:266–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.12.022
Grassino AN, Brnčić M, Vikić-Topić D et al (2016) Ultrasound assisted extraction and characterization of pectin from tomato waste. Food Chem 198:93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.095
Gonzalez-Coloma A, Martín L, Mainar AM et al (2012) Supercritical extraction and supercritical antisolvent fractionation of natural products from plant material: comparative results on Persea indica. Phytochem Rev 11:433–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-012-9267-z
Gu J, Zhang H, Zhang J et al (2020) Optimization, characterization, rheological study and immune activities of polysaccharide from Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Carbohydr Polym 246:116595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116595
Han YL, Gao J, Yin YY et al (2016) Extraction optimization by response surface methodology of mucilage polysaccharide from the peel of Opuntia dillenii haw. fruits and their physicochemical properties. Carbohydr Polym 151:381–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.085
Hao W, Wang S, fei, Zhao J, Li S (2020) ping Effects of extraction methods on immunology activity and chemical profiles of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides. J Pharm Biomed Anal 185:113219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113219
Hosseini SS, Khodaiyan F, Kazemi M, Najari Z (2019) Optimization and characterization of pectin extracted from sour orange peel by ultrasound assisted method. Int J Biol Macromol 125:621–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.096
Hu H, Zhao Q, Pang Z et al (2018) Optimization extraction, characterization and anticancer activities of polysaccharides from mango pomace. Int J Biol Macromol 117:1314–1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.225
Huang F, Liu H, Zhang R et al (2019) Physicochemical properties and prebiotic activities of polysaccharides from longan pulp based on different extraction techniques. Carbohydr Polym 206:344–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.012
Iwassa IJ, dos Santos Ribeiro MA, Meurer EC et al (2019) Effect of subcritical water processing on the extraction of compounds, composition, and functional properties of asparagus by-product. J Food Process Eng 42:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.13060
Jiménez-Sánchez C, Lozano-Sánchez J, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A (2017) Alternatives to conventional thermal treatments in fruit-juice processing. Part 1: Techniques and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 57:501–523. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2013.867828
Jin G, Yang F, Hu C et al (2012) Enzyme-assisted extraction of lipids directly from the culture of the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. Bioresour Technol 111:378–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.152
Jing C, Yuan Y, Tang Q et al (2017) Extraction optimization, preliminary characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Glycine soja. Int J Biol Macromol 103:1207–1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.186
Karbuz P, Tugrul N (2020) Microwave and ultrasound assisted extraction of pectin from various fruits peel. J Food Sci Technol 58:641–650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04578-0
Ke J, Jiang G, Shen G et al (2020) Optimization, characterization and rheological behavior study of pectin extracted from chayote (Sechium edule) using ultrasound assisted method. Int J Biol Macromol 147:688–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.055
Kentish S, Feng H (2014) Applications of power ultrasound in food processing. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 5:263–284. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-030212-182537
Kitrytė V, Kraujalienė V, Šulniūtė V et al (2017) Chokeberry pomace valorization into food ingredients by enzyme-assisted extraction: Process optimization and product characterization. Food Bioprod Process 105:36–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2017.06.001
Klinchongkon K, Khuwijitjaru P, Wiboonsirikul J, Adachi S (2017) Extraction of oligosaccharides from passion fruit peel by subcritical water treatment. J Food Process Eng 40:12269. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12269
Košťálová Z, Aguedo M, Hromádková Z (2016) Microwave-assisted extraction of pectin from unutilized pumpkin biomass. Chem Eng Process Process Intensif 102:9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2015.12.009
Lachos-Perez D, Tompsett GA, Guerra P et al (2017) Sugars and char formation on subcritical water hydrolysis of sugarcane straw. Bioresour Technol 243:1069–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.080
Martín L, Marqués JL, González-Coloma A et al (2012) Supercritical methodologies applied to the production of biopesticides: a review. Phytochem Rev 11:413–431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-012-9268-y
Lešnik S, Furlan V, Bren U (2021) Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.): extraction techniques, analytical methods and health-promoting biological effects. Phytochem Rev 20:1273–1328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-021-09745-5
Li BB, Smith B, Hossain MM (2006) Extraction of phenolics from citrus peels: II. Enzyme-assisted extraction method. Sep Purif Technol 48:189–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.019
Li WJ, Fan ZG, Wu YY et al (2019) Eco-friendly extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from jackfruit peel waste with subcritical water. J Sci Food Agric 99:5283–5292. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9729
Li Y, Zhu C, Zhai X et al (2018) Optimization of enzyme assisted extraction of polysaccharides from pomegranate peel by response surface methodology and their anti-oxidant potential. Chin Herb Med 10:416–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2018.08.007
Liew SQ, Chin NL, Yusof YA, Sowndhararajan K (2016) Comparison of acidic and enzymatic pectin extraction from passion fruit peels and its gel properties. J Food Process Eng 39:501–511. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12243
Liew SQ, Teoh WH, Tan CK et al (2018) Subcritical water extraction of low methoxyl pectin from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peels. Int J Biol Macromol 116:128–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.013
Ling Z, Tang W, Su Y et al (2021) Promoting enzymatic hydrolysis of aggregated bamboo crystalline cellulose by fast microwave-assisted dicarboxylic acid deep eutectic solvents pretreatments. Bioresour Technol 333:125122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125122
Liu J, Zhang Z, Xue W et al (2021) Anaerobic digestion of saline waste activated sludge and recovering raw sulfated polysaccharides. Bioresour Technol 335:125255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125255
Long J, Fu Y, Zu Y et al (2011) Ultrasound-assisted extraction of flaxseed oil using immobilized enzymes. Bioresour Technol 102:9991–9996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.104
Lü F, Shao L-M, Zhang H et al (2018) Application of advanced techniques for the assessment of bio-stability of biowaste-derived residues: a minireview. Bioresour Technol 248:122–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.045
Machado MTC, Eça KS, Vieira GS et al (2015) Prebiotic oligosaccharides from artichoke industrial waste: evaluation of different extraction methods. Ind Crops Prod 76:141–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.06.047
Maran JP, Prakash KA (2015) Process variables influence on microwave assisted extraction of pectin from waste Carcia papaya L. peel. Int J Biol Macromol 73:202–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.008
Martinez JL (2007) Supercritical extraction plants: Equipment, process, and costs. Taylor & Francis Group, New York
Martínez CM, Cantero DA, Cocero MJ (2018) Production of saccharides from sugar beet pulp by ultrafast hydrolysis in supercritical water. J Clean Prod 204:888–895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.066
Miao C, Chakraborty M, Chen S (2012) Impact of reaction conditions on the simultaneous production of polysaccharides and bio-oil from heterotrophically grown Chlorella sorokiniana by a unique sequential hydrothermal liquefaction process. Bioresour Technol 110:617–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.047
Migkos T-M, Ioannidou G, Karapatsia A et al (2021) Enzymatic hydrolysis for the systematic production of second-generation glucose from the dual polysaccharide reserves of an anti-pollutant plant. Bioresour Technol 340:125711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125711
Mihiretu GT, Brodin M, Chimphango AF et al (2017) Single-step microwave-assisted hot water extraction of hemicelluloses from selected lignocellulosic materials—A biorefinery approach. Bioresour Technol 241:669–680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.159
Monteil-rivera F, Huang GH, Paquet L et al (2012) Microwave-assisted extraction of lignin from triticale straw: optimization and microwave effects. Bioresour Technol 104:775–782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.079
Moorthy IG, Maran JP, Surya SM et al (2015) Response surface optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of pectin from pomegranate peel. Int J Biol Macromol 72:1323–1328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.037
Mroczek A (2015) Phytochemistry and bioactivity of triterpene saponins from Amaranthaceae family. Phytochem Rev 14:577–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-015-9394-4
Muñoz-Almagro N, Valadez-Carmona L, Mendiola JA et al (2019) Structural characterisation of pectin obtained from cacao pod husk. Comparison of conventional and subcritical water extraction. Carbohydr Polym 217:69–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.040
Mzoughi Z, Abdelhamid A, Rihouey C et al (2018) Optimized extraction of pectin-like polysaccharide from Suaeda fruticosa leaves: Characterization, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and analgesic activities. Carbohydr Polym 185:127–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.022
Nadar SS, Rao P, Rathod VK (2018) Enzyme assisted extraction of biomolecules as an approach to novel extraction technology: a review. Food Res Int 108:309–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.006
Narváez-Flores M, Sánchez-Madrigal M, Quintero-Ramos A et al (2015) Ultrasound assisted extraction modeling of fructans from agave (Agave tequilana Weber var. Azul) at different temperatures and ultrasound powers. Food Bioprod Process 96:232–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2015.08.007
Nguyen BMN, Pirak T (2019) Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of white dragon fruit peel pectin extracted with conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction. Cogent Food Agric 5:1633076. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2019.1633076
Nguyen TT, Zhang W (2020) Techno-economic feasibility analysis of microwave-assisted biorefinery of multiple products from Australian lobster shells. Food Bioprod Process 124:419–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.10.002
Nuerxiati R, Abuduwaili A, Mutailifu P et al (2019) Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction, characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides from Orchis chusua D. Don (Salep). Int J Biol Macromol 141:431–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.112
Oh MH, Yoon KY (2018) Comparison of the biological activity of crude polysaccharide fractions obtained from Cedrela sinensis using different extraction methods. Pol J Food Nutr Sci 68:327–334. https://doi.org/10.1515/pjfns-2018-0007
Oh Y-K, Hwang K-R, Kim C et al (2018) Recent developments and key barriers to advanced biofuels: a short review. Bioresour Technol 257:320–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.089
Pan LH, Wang J, Ye XQ et al (2015) Enzyme-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Dendrobium chrysotoxum and its functional properties and immunomodulatory activity. LWT - Food Sci Technol 60:1149–1154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.004
Paniwnyk L, Alarcon-Rojo A, Rodriguez-Figueroa JC, Toma M (2017) Chapter 10—The use of ultrasound as an enhancement aid to food extraction. In: Grumezescu AM, Holban AMBT-IE by PM in F (eds) Handbook of food bioengineering. Academic Press, pp 399–440
Plaza M, Marina ML (2019) Pressurized hot water extraction of bioactives. TrAC - Trends Anal Chem 116:236–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.024
Puri M, Sharma D, Barrow CJ (2012) Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactives from plants. Trends Biotechnol 30:37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.06.014
Qian S, Fang X, Dan D et al (2018) Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of a water soluble polysaccharide from dragon fruit peel and its antioxidant activity. RSC Adv 8:42145–42152. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra06449k
Rambabu K, AlYammahi J, Thanigaivelan A et al (2022) Sub-critical water extraction of reducing sugars and phenolic compounds from date palm fruit. Biomass Convers Biorefinery 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02386-4
Raza A, Li F, Xu X, Tang J (2017) Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant polysaccharides from the stem of Trapa quadrispinosa using response surface methodology. Int J Biol Macromol 94:335–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.033
Ru Y, Chen X, Wang J et al (2019) Polysaccharides from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg: extraction optimization, structural characterizations, antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities in hyperlipidemic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 125:1033–1041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.236
Ruiz-Rodriguez A, Marín FR, Ocaña A, Soler-Rivas C (2008) Effect of domestic processing on bioactive compounds. Phytochem Rev 7:345–384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-007-9073-1
Sánchez-Camargo A, del Bueno P, Parada-Alfonso M et al (2019) Hansen solubility parameters for selection of green extraction solvents. TrAC - Trends Anal Chem 118:227–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.046
Sánchez-Madrigal M, Viesca-Nevárez SL, Quintero-Ramos A et al (2018) Optimization of the enzyme-assisted extraction of fructans from the wild sotol plant (Dasylirion wheeleri). Food Biosci 22:59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2018.01.008
Sarvin BA, Seregin AP, Shpigun OA et al (2018) A novel strategy for isolation and determination of sugars and sugar alcohols from conifers. J Chromatogr B Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci 1092:138–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.06.005
Sato T, Fukuda F, Nihei K, ichi, Itoh N (2017) Effect of temperature and pressure on the extraction of strawberry receptacles with a mixture of supercritical carbon dioxide and entrainers. J Supercrit Fluids 130:23–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2017.07.011
Shang H, Wu H, Dong X et al (2019) Effects of different extraction methods on the properties and activities of polysaccharides from Medicago sativa L. and extraction condition optimization using response surface methodology. Process Biochem 82:179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2019.03.027
Singh RK, Avula RY (2012) Supercritical fluid extraction in food processing. Enhancing Extraction Processes in the Food Industry. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, pp 195–222
Sirohi R, Prakash Pandey J, Kumar Gaur V et al (2020) Critical overview of biomass feedstocks as sustainable substrates for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Bioresour Technol 311:123536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123536
Smestad Paulsen B (2002) Biologically active polysaccharides as possible lead compounds. Phytochem Rev 1:379–387. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026020404143
Song YR, Sung SK, Shin EJ et al (2018) The effect of pectinase-assisted extraction on the physicochemical and biological properties of polysaccharides from Aster scaber. Int J Mol Sci 19:2839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092839
Su X, Xue Q, Sun M et al (2021) Co-production of polysaccharides, ginsenosides and succinic acid from Panax ginseng residue: A typical industrial herbal waste. Bioresour Technol 331:125073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125073
Sun T, Wang R, Sun D et al (2020) High-efficiency production of Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide through basidiospore fermentation. Bioresour Technol 318:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124268
Tang DYY, Khoo KS, Chew KW et al (2020) Potential utilization of bioproducts from microalgae for the quality enhancement of natural products. Bioresour Technol 304:122997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122997
Tian S, Hao C, Xu G et al (2017) Optimization conditions for extracting polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis and its antioxidant activities. J Food Drug Anal 25:766–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2016.08.012
Traversier M, Gaslondes T, Milesi S et al (2018) Polar lipids in cosmetics: recent trends in extraction, separation, analysis and main applications. Phytochem Rev 17:1179–1210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-018-9588-7
Tsiaka T, Sinanoglou VJ, Zoumpoulakis P (2017) Extracting bioactive compounds from natural sources using green high-energy approaches: trends and opportunities in lab- and large-scale applications. In: Grumezescu AM, Holban AMBT-IE by PM in F (eds) Handbook of food bioengineering. Academic Press, pp 307–365
Tsubaki S, Azuma J (2013) Total fractionation of green tea residue by microwave-assisted alkaline pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Bioresour Technol 131:485–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.001
Tsubaki S, Oono K, Ueda T et al (2013) Microwave-assisted hydrolysis of polysaccharides over polyoxometalate clusters. Bioresour Technol 144:67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.092
Umaña MM, Dalmau ME, Eim VS et al (2019) Effects of acoustic power and pH on pectin-enriched extracts obtained from citrus by-products. Modelling of the extraction process. J Sci Food Agric 99:6893–6902. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9975
Vardanega R, Carvalho PIN, Santos DT, Meireles MAA (2017) Obtaining prebiotic carbohydrates and beta-ecdysone from Brazilian ginseng by subcritical water extraction. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 42:73–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2017.05.007
Wang H, Li Y, Ren Z et al (2018a) Optimization of the microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of Rosa roxburghii Tratt. polysaccharides using response surface methodology and its antioxidant and α-D-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 112:473–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.003
Wang L, Cheng L, Liu F et al (2018b) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction and structural characterization of the polysaccharide from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seeds. Molecules 23:1207. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051207
Wang L, Li T, Liu F et al (2019) Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction and characterization of polysaccharides from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 126:846–856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.232
Wang M, Huang B, Fan C et al (2016) Characterization and functional properties of mango peel pectin extracted by ultrasound assisted citric acid. Int J Biol Macromol 91:794–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.011
Wang S, Xia Z, Hu Y et al (2017a) Co-pyrolysis mechanism of seaweed polysaccharides and cellulose based on macroscopic experiments and molecular simulations. Bioresour Technol 228:305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.004
Wang W, Wu X, Chantapakul T et al (2017b) Acoustic cavitation assisted extraction of pectin from waste grapefruit peels: A green two-stage approach and its general mechanism. Food Res Int 102:101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.09.087
Wang K, Li M, Wen X et al (2018a) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) polysaccharides based on response surface methodology and antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 114:1056–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.145
Wang L, Cheng L, Liu F et al (2018b) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction and structural characterization of the polysaccharide from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seeds. Molecules 23:1207. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051207
Wataniyakul P, Pavasant P, Goto M, Shotipruk A (2012) Microwave pretreatment of defatted rice bran for enhanced recovery of total phenolic compounds extracted by subcritical water. Bioresour Technol 124:18–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.053
Wianowska D, Gil M (2019) Recent advances in extraction and analysis procedures of natural chlorogenic acids. Phytochem Rev 18:273–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-018-9592-y
Wikiera A, Mika M, Grabacka M (2015) Multicatalytic enzyme preparations as effective alternative to acid in pectin extraction. Food Hydrocoll 44:156–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.09.018
Wu M, Gong L, Ma C, He Y-C (2021) Enhanced enzymatic saccharification of sorghum straw by effective delignification via combined pretreatment with alkali extraction and deep eutectic solvent soaking. Bioresour Technol 340:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125695
Xu Y, Zhang L, Yang Y et al (2015) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted compound enzymatic extraction and characterization of polysaccharides from blackcurrant. Carbohydr Polym 117:895–902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.032
Yang S, Li Y, Jia D et al (2017) The synergy of Box-Behnken designs on the optimization of polysaccharide extraction from mulberry leaves. Ind Crops Prod 99:70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.01.024
You Q, Yin X, Xu H (2015) Enhanced compound-enzymes-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Cornus officinalis. Chem Ind Chem Eng Q 21:123–130. https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ140130015Y
Yuliarti O, Goh KKT, Matia-Merino L et al (2015) Extraction and characterisation of pomace pectin from gold kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). Food Chem 187:290–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.148
Zaid RM, Mishra P, Noredyani AS et al (2020) Proximate characteristics and statistical optimization of ultrasoundassisted extraction of high-methoxyl-pectin from Hylocereus polyrhizus peels. Food Bioprod Process 123:134–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.06.011
Zakaria SM, Kamal SMM (2016) Subcritical water extraction of bioactive compounds from plants and algae: applications in pharmaceutical and food ingredients. Food Eng Rev 8:23–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-015-9119-x
Zeaiter Z, Regonesi ME, Cavini S et al (2019) Extraction and characterization of inulin-type fructans from artichoke wastes and their effect on the growth of intestinal bacteria associated with health. Biomed Res Int 2019:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1083952
Zhang DY, Wan Y, Xu JY et al (2016a) Ultrasound extraction of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves and their effect on enhancing antioxidant activity. Carbohydr Polym 137:473–479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.11.016
Zhang WN, Zhang HL, Lu CQ et al (2016b) A new kinetic model of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Chinese chive. Food Chem 212:274–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.144
Zhang W, Zeng G, Pan Y et al (2017) Properties of soluble dietary fiber-polysaccharide from papaya peel obtained through alkaline or ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction. Carbohydr Polym 172:102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.030
Zhu CP, Zhai XC, Li LQ et al (2015) Response surface optimization of ultrasound-assisted polysaccharides extraction from pomegranate peel. Food Chem 177:139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.022
Zhu Y, Li Q, Mao G et al (2014) Optimization of enzyme-assisted extraction and characterization of polysaccharides from Hericium erinaceus. Carbohydr Polym 101:606–613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.099
Zou X, Liu YY, Tao C et al (2018) CO2 supercritical fluid extraction and characterization of polysaccharide from bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) leaves. J Food Meas Charact 12:35–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-017-9614-2
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Khalifa University research project grant CIRA-2019-028 (under the Competitive Internal Research Award scheme) for supporting this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Competing interest
Authors declare that there are no relevant financial or non-financial competing interests to report.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
AlYammahi, J., Rambabu, K., Thanigaivelan, A. et al. Advances of non-conventional green technologies for phyto-saccharides extraction: current status and future perspectives. Phytochem Rev 22, 1067–1088 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09831-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09831-2