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Response surface optimization of extraction of rutin and quercetin from Cyclobalanopsis leaves by hydrothermal treatment catalyzed by ethanol-acetic acid

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Abstract

An environment-friendly hydrothermal method was developed to extract rutin and quercetin from a forestry waste of Cyclobalanopsis leaves using the mixture medium of alcohol-acetic acid–water. Various process variables were specifically studied, which included the concentration of acetic acid (0 ~ 40% v/v), ethanol content (30 ~ 80% v/v), reaction temperature (100 ~ 200 ℃), liquid–solid ratio (10 ~ 50 mL/g), and reaction time (1 ~ 7 h). The optimal combination of extraction parameters was established using single factor experiments and the 3 × 3 Box-Behnken design (BBD), which is a response surface methodology (RSM) with acetic acid concentration and time set to 15% (v/v) and 5 h, respectively. Optimal extraction conditions of rutin were the ethanol concentration of 57% v/v, the temperature of 183℃, and the liquid–solid ratio of 36 mL/g. Under these conditions, the average experimental yield of rutin was 155.36 mg/g. Optimal conditions of quercetin were the ethanol concentration of 60% v/v, the temperature of 180℃, and the liquid–solid ratio of 23 mL/g, which resulted in the highest yield of quercetin of 32.39 mg/g. Compared with the conventional reflux extraction (the yields of rutin and quercetin were 51.11 mg/g and 6.67 mg/g, respectively), the hydrothermal treatment was significantly beneficial to the extraction of rutin and quercetin.

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Funding

This research was supported with fund from the Program of Processing and Efficient Utilization of Biomass Resources of Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists, China (no. GZS2018004) program of processing and efficient utilization of biomass resources of henan center for outstanding overseas scientists,GZS2018004,Junying Chen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Chensi Guo, Xiangyu Gao, Xiaoling Zhao, Junying Chen & Chun Chang

  2. Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Xiaoling Zhao, Junying Chen & Chun Chang

  3. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA

    Bo Zhang

  4. Henan Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Biobased Chemicals, Henan, 457000, Puyang, China

    Zhiyong Chen

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  1. Chensi Guo
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Correspondence to Junying Chen.

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Guo, C., Gao, X., Zhao, X. et al. Response surface optimization of extraction of rutin and quercetin from Cyclobalanopsis leaves by hydrothermal treatment catalyzed by ethanol-acetic acid. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 12291–12301 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02116-2

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