Skip to main content
Log in

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of arbutin from pear fruitlets using response surface methodology

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Arbutin, one of the main phenolic substances in pear fruits, has several health benefits. To optimize the extraction process of arbutin from pear fruitlets (‘Huangli No. 1’), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was investigated as an efficient method. Single-factor experiments combined with response surface methodology (RSM) were used to determine the optimum sonication parameters. The results of single factor experiments showed that the maximum extraction yield of arbutin was obtained with 60% ethanol, 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio, 20 min ultrasound time, and 648 W ultrasound power. After optimization by RSM, the optimal conditions were 70% ethanol, 1:12 solid-to-liquid ratio, 20 min ultrasound time, and 576 W ultrasound power. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of arbutin was 5309.27 ± 15.87 µg/g by UAE, which was significantly higher than that by conventional extraction (CE; 1935.25 ± 44.13 µg/g). UAE generated more cell damage in pear fruitlets than CE. Additionally, arbutin from UAE had a higher antioxidant activity than arbutin from CE. DPPH free radical scavenging activity, FRAP reducing power, and ABTS free radical scavenging activity were 22.25%, 27.72%, and 17.35% higher in UAE than in CE, respectively. UAE is an effective and rapid method for the extraction of arbutin from pear fruitlets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

We have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Code availability

We ensure that all data and materials as well as software application or custom code support our published claims and comply with field standards

References

  1. J. Kolniak-Ostek, Food Chem. 203, 491–497 (2016)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Database. http://www.fao.org/. Accessed 22 Mar 2022

  3. National Bureau of Statistics of PR China, Fruit production. https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01. Accessed 22 Mar 2022

  4. J.L. Chen, Z.F. Wang, J.H. Wu, Q. Wang, X.S. Hu, Food Chem. 104, 1 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Y.C. Zheng, Y.F. Cao, J. Li, L.M. Tian, X.G. Dong, Y. Zhang, D. Qi, Y.J. Chang, Food Sci. 36, 20 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Zhang, J.Y. Zhang, W.Y. Gao, Chin. Tradit Herb. Drugs 43, 10 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. X. Li, J.Y. Zhang, W.Y. Gao, H.Y. Wang, Food Chem. Toxicol. 50, 10 (2012)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. J.Y. Zhang, W.Y. Gao, X. Li, The Food Ind. 33, 12 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  9. L.Q. Sun, W. Hao, X.Q. Tang, K.C. Wang, S.L. Zhang, Food Sci. 41, 22 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  10. S.-Y. Hong, E. Lansky, S.-S. Kang, M. Yang, BMC Complement. Med. Ther. 21, 1 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. J.-Y. Cho, K.Y. Park, K.H. Lee, H.J. Lee, S.-H. Lee, J.A. Cho, W.-S. Kim, S.-C. Shin, K.-H. Park, J. -H Moon. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 20, 3 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  12. H. Li, W. Cao, L.F. Wei, J.Q. Xia, Y. Gu, L.M. Gu, C.Y. Pan, Y.Q. Liu, Y.Z. Tian, M. Lu. Int. J. Diabetes Dev. Ctries. (2021) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-00920-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. L.Q. Sun, S.T. Tao, S.L. Zhang, Molecules 24, 1 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. B. Lukas, C. Schmiderer, U. Mitteregger, J. Novak Food Chem. 121, 1 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. X. Li, T.T. Wang, B. Zhou, W.Y. Gao, J.G. Cao, L.Q. Huang, Food Chem. 152, 531 (2014)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Y.F. Wang, Y.H. Zhou, J.J. Zhang, Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs 34, 08 (2003)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. A.V. Myagchilov, S.A. Mineev, L.I. Sokolova, E.D. Gerdasova, P.G. Gorovoi, Pharm. Chem. J. 54, 4 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. B.B. Zhang, M.N. Zeng, B.K. Li, Y.X. Kan, S.C. Wang, B. Cao, Y.J. Huang, X.K. Zheng, W.S. Feng, Phytomedicine 82, 153466 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. T. Cui, K. Nakamura, L. Ma, J. Li, H. Kayahara, J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 10 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  20. L.H. Wu, P. Li, Q.L. Zhao, J.L. Piao, Y.F. Jiao, M. Kadowaki, T. Kondo, Apoptosis 19, 11 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. I.S. Gajic, I. Savic, I. Boskov, S. Žeraji´C, I. Markovic, D. Gajic, Antioxidants 8, 8 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. S. Ferarsa, W.X. Zhang, N. Moulai-Mostefa, L.H. Ding, M.Y. Jaffrin, N. Grimi. Food Bioprod. Process. 109, 19 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. D. Ryu, E. Koh, Food Anal. Methods 12, 2 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. H.G. Hu, Q.L. Zhao, Z.C. Pang, J.H. Xie, L.J. Lin, Q.S. Yao, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 117, 1314 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. C. Agarwal, K. M´Ath´E, T.A. Hofmann, L. Cs´Oka. J. Food Sci. 83, 3 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Wang, X.J. Xie, Y. Zhang, Y.X. Huang, S.Y. Zhou, W. Zhang, Y.Y. Lin, H.J. Fan, Food Chem. 240, 1233 (2018)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. A.P. Rehder, P.B. Silva, A.M.F. Xavier, Ma.S. Barrozo, J. Food Meas. Charact. 15, 2 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Kumar, P.S. Rao, J. Food Meas. Charact. 14, 6 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  29. S.H. Fu, W.X. Zhu, J. Henan Univ. Sci. Technol. Nat. Sci. 38, 05 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  30. T. Belwal, H. Huang, L. Li, Z.H. Duan, X.B. Zhang, H. Aalim, Z.S. Luo, Food Chem. 297, 124993 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. H.N. Thu, P.N. Van, K.N. Minh, T.L. Thi, J. Food Meas. Charact. 15, 1 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Jha, M. Meghwal, P.K. Prabhakar, J. Food Process. Preserv. 45, 9 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  33. K. Jalgaonkar, S.K. Jha, M.K. Mahawar, D.N. Yadav, J. Food Sci. Technol. 56, 3 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. L. Jiang, T. Belwal, H. Huang, Z.W. Ge, J. Limwachiranon, Y.C. Zhao, L. Li, G.P. Ren, Z.S. Luo, Food Bioprocess. Technol. 12, 10 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Y.L. Yan, C.H. Yu, J. Chen, X.X. Li, W. Wang, S.Q. Li, Carbohydr. Polym. 83, 1 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. P. Kashyap, C.S. Riar, N. Jindal, J. Food Meas. Charact. 15, 1 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. F. Li, J.L. Luo, L.L. Li, R.J. Hao, Non-wood For. Res. 38, 02 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. W. Brand-Williams, M.E. Cuvelier, C. Berset. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 28, 25–30 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0023-6438(95)80008-5

  39. I.F.F. Benzie, J. J. Strain Anal. Biochem. 239, 1 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. R. Re, N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang, C. Rice-Evans, Free Radic. Bio. Med. 26, 9–10 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. R.J. Hao, S.T. Yang, Z.Q. Zhang, Y.J. Zhang, J. Chang, C. Qiu, Sci. Hortic. 288, 110218 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. E. Espada-Bellido, M. Ferreiro-González, C. Carrera, M. Palma, C.G. Barroso, G.F. Barbero. Food Chem. 219, 23 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. R.K. Rout, A. Kumar, P.S. Rao, J. Food Meas. Charact 15, 4 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. X.W. Zhao, P.Y. Liu, D. Liu, S.S. Sun, Z. Li, K.X. Yu, M.L. Zhang, Q.W. Shi, Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs 46, 21 (2015) https://doi.org/10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2015.21.025

  45. Z.F. Peng, Q. Xie, Y.B. Chi, Q.X. Chen, Food Sci. 38, 20 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  46. B. Yang, Q.J. Wu, Y.X. Luo, Q. Yang, X.Y. Wei, J.Q. Kan, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 137, 676 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. O. Taofiq, A.R. Silva, C. Costa, I. Ferreira, J. Nunes, M.A. Prieto, J. Simal-Gandara, L. Barros, I.C.F.R. Ferreira,  Food Funct. 11, 7 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  48. M.K. Mahawar, K. Jalgaonkar, B. Bibwe, T. Kulkarni, B. Bhushan, V.S. Meena, J. Nutr. Food Sci. 48, 4 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  49. N.A. Al-Dhabi, K. Ponmurugan, P. Maran, Ultrason. Sonochem. 34, 206–213 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. G. Aguilar-Hernández, M.D.L. García-Magaña, M.D.L.Á. Vivar-Vera, S.G. Sáyago-Ayerdi, J.A. Sánchez-Burgos, J. Morales-Castro, L.M. Anaya-Esparza, E.M. González, Molecules 24, 5 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. K. Papoutsis, P. Pristijono, J.B. Golding, C.E. Stathopoulos, M.C. Bowyer, C.J. Scarlett, Q.V. Vuong, Eur. Food Res. Technol. 244, 8 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The research leading to these results received funding from the Research & Demonstration Project of Shanxi Functional Agriculture Common Key Technology under Grant Agreement No 201703D211011-04.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by TC, JL and FL. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TC and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liulin Li.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

We have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cui, T., Li, J., Li, N. et al. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of arbutin from pear fruitlets using response surface methodology. Food Measure 16, 3130–3139 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01412-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01412-3

Keywords

Navigation