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Advanced extraction and separation approaches for the recovery of dietary flavonoids from plant biomass: A review

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Abstract

At present, huge attention is implanted on the exploration and distribution of endemic plant biomass, which has dietary flavonoids in different food and livestock supplements manufacturing industries. Dietary flavonoids present in the plant biomass have wide phytotherapeutic properties such as antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and immuno-modulatory. This review aims to analyze and discuss various solvent-based extraction techniques (microwave-assisted extraction, subcritical extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction), optimum point and yield of flavonoids from various plant biomass. Furthermore, this article provides a review on separation and purification of flavonoids present in the complex matrix, using various solid-phase extraction (SPE) materials such as C-18 silica nanomaterials and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs). Solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been used to quickly analyze the trace elements which are present in the sample matrices network. MIPs and MIMs with suitable recognition sites are employed for the pre-treatment of samples before quantification. The SPE sorbent synthesizing protocol, interactions, characteristics, and effects are discussed. Furthermore, essential performance such as sorption, recovery ratio, and imprinting factor was evaluated based on previous research studies. Together with these, the overall polymerization mechanism of molecularly imprinted materials using monomers, initiator, and cross-linker for the selective separation of dietary flavonoids has been reviewed. Current trends in the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) for effective separation of dietary flavonoids from plant biomass are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology, India, for providing financial support (INT/HUN/P-17/2017); the Hungarian Science and Research Foundation under Grant 2017–2.3.7-TÉT–IN–2017-00016.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Membrane Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. A. Gokulakrishnan, G. Arthanareeswaran & Gnanaselvam Gnanasekaran

  2. Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

    Zsuzsanna László, Gábor Veréb & Szabolcs Kertész

  3. Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand

    Wirach Taweepreda

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Gokulakrishnan, S.A., Arthanareeswaran, G., Gnanasekaran, G. et al. Advanced extraction and separation approaches for the recovery of dietary flavonoids from plant biomass: A review. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02648-1

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