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Techno economic and life cycle assessment of lycopene production from tomato peels using different extraction methods

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Abstract

The objective of this research is to examine various methods of lycopene extraction, taking into consideration their economic and environmental implications. The methods under investigation include solvent-assisted extraction (SAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SCF), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and integrated ultrasound surfactant–assisted extraction (IUSAE). The techno-economic assessment of various lycopene extraction methods revealed that IUSAE surpasses other methods in terms of economic viability, with a net present value (NPV) of 20,858 $ and a payback period of 4.2 years. Sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation was also conducted to further evaluate the robustness of the process. Additionally, life cycle assessment (LCA) demonstrated that IUSAE has the least environmental impact compared to other methods. Furthermore, the environmental impact of transitioning from a mixed-grid energy source to renewable energy was assessed. It was observed that using wind energy as a source of power for different unit operations resulted in a significant reduction of 78–90% in midpoint indicators such as global warming potential, acidification potential, photochemical oxidation, eutrophication, and human toxicity. This hig

hlights the positive environmental benefits of utilizing renewable energy in the lycopene extraction process.

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Data availability

The dataset generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

μL:

microlitre

COL:

labor of cost

COM:

cost of manufacturing

CRM:

cost raw material

CUL:

cost of utility

P:

particulate handling

Nnp:

non particulate handling

DFC:

direct fixed capital cost

IFC:

indirect fixed capital cost

OC:

other cost

FCI:

total fixed capital investment

TCI:

total capital investment

Eqs:

equation

g/g:

gram/gram

g:

gram

h:

hour

kWh:

kilo watt hour

MC:

Monte Carlo

mg :

milligram

mL:

milliliter

mM:

milimolar

nm:

nanometer

NPV:

net present value

PB:

payback period

PEO-PPO-PEO:

polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide polyethylene oxide

ROR:

rate of return

Rpm:

revolution per minute

(v/v):

volume per volume

AC:

acidification potential

EU:

eutrophication potential

GWP:

global warming potential

PO:

photochemical ozone creation potential

HT:

human toxicity

SAE:

solvent-assisted extraction

SCF:

supercritical fluid extraction

EAE:

enzyme-assisted extraction

UAE:

ultrasound-assisted extraction

IUSAE:

integrated ultrasound surfactant–assisted extraction

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik (BASF) for providing the free samples of surfactant.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur, M.S., 440010, India

    Rajendra D. Yadav & Pradip B. Dhamole

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Contributions

Rajendra D. Yadav: conceptualization, investigation, methodology, formal analysis, writing original draft, writing—reviewing and editing. Pradip B. Dhamole: writing—reviewing and editing, investigation, supervision, resources.

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Correspondence to Pradip B. Dhamole.

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Yadav, R.D., Dhamole, P.B. Techno economic and life cycle assessment of lycopene production from tomato peels using different extraction methods. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04676-x

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