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Effect of Radiofrequency Pre-treatment on the Extraction of Bioactives from Clitoria ternatea and Hibiscus rosa sinensis and Insights to Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

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Abstract

Phenolic compounds have various biological activities but the lack of green technologies for extraction is a major concern. Hence, the study was undertaken to evaluate radio frequency as the novel technology for the extraction of phenolic compounds from edible flowers such as Clitoria ternatea and Hibiscus rosa sinensis. Therefore, the process of extraction was optimised and the most suitable conditions were estimated to be 70% ethanol concentration, 10 min RF treatment time and 20 mg/mL liquid–solid ratio of flower extracts with an electrode gap of 180 mm and conveyor speed of 2.5 m/s for providing maximum extraction yield. Correspondingly, the highest TPC obtained for Clitoria ternatea extract (CTE) and Hibiscus rosa sinensis extract (HBE) was 18.90 and 14.03 mg GAE/mL, respectively. Moreover, RF treatment was observed effective in achieving maximum inhibitory activity against enzymes α-amylase (4.11 and 3.27 mmol ACAEs/g extract for CTE and HBE, respectively), α-glucosidase (8.97 and 7.48 mmol ACAEs/g extract for CTE and HBE, respectively) and ACE (96.41% and 94.52% for CTE and HBE, respectively). The phytochemical analysis using LCMS spectrum showed the presence of flavonoid compounds with antioxidant, anti-tumour and antidiabetic properties. Thus, the proposed method was efficient in the extraction of phytochemicals from plants and flowers which is comparatively rapid and environment friendly than the other extraction procedures.

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Funding

The financial support was provided by the Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur, for carrying out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    Nitthya Kochadai & Bhosale Yuvraj Khasherao

  2. Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    Nitthya Kochadai

  3. Food Processing Business Incubation Centre, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology Thanjavur, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vadakkepulppara Ramachandran Nair Sinija

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  1. Nitthya Kochadai
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  2. Bhosale Yuvraj Khasherao
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Nitthya Kochadai: conceptualization, methodology, data curation and formal analysis, writing the original draft. Bhosale Yuvraj Khasherao: conceptualization, paper review and editing. Sinija. V.R.: conceptualization, supervision, paper reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Vadakkepulppara Ramachandran Nair Sinija.

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Kochadai, N., Khasherao, B.Y. & Sinija, V.R.N. Effect of Radiofrequency Pre-treatment on the Extraction of Bioactives from Clitoria ternatea and Hibiscus rosa sinensis and Insights to Enzyme Inhibitory Activities. Food Bioprocess Technol 15, 571–589 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-022-02770-y

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