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Fungal biorefinery for simultaneous production of enzymes and bioconversion of agro-industrial residues into renewable sugars and phenolic compounds

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Abstract

Agro-industrial residues have progressed from an environmental concern toward sustainable and cost-effective sources of biopolymers and value-added chemicals. However, pre-treatments are often required for efficient extraction of the desired products from these residues. Fungal biorefinery is an interesting approach for the bioconversion of various biomasses into multiple products in a single batch. This study focuses on the utilization of six agro-industrial residues (grape pomace, sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, spent coffee grounds, residual diatomaceous earth, and wastepaper) in statistically designed combinations to evaluate the production of enzymes and the release of reducing sugars and phenolic compounds by the fungi Trametes villosa and Pycnoporus sanguineus, inoculated as mycelial pellets or mycelial discs. Both fungi demonstrated concurrent production of cellulases, pectinases, and laccases in semi-solid media, releasing sugars and phenolics from the substrates. However, each fungus exhibited distinct responses to different media compositions. P. sanguineus was the best cellulase producer, achieving a filter paper activity of 0.58 U mL−1 when inoculated as mycelial discs. T. villosa, on the other hand, excelled in producing pectinases (7.58 U mL−1 as mycelial discs) and laccases (1438 U L−1 as mycelial pellets). The highest concentrations of reducing sugars and phenolic compounds were found in extracts derived from P. sanguineus mycelial discs (37.12 mg mL−1) and T. villosa mycelial discs (0.261 mg GAE mL−1), respectively. Grape pomace and the addition of copper sulfate in the culture media consistently demonstrated their beneficial impact on the overall process.

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Data availability

Data supporting the findings of this study are available within its supplementary materials. Any additional data are available from the corresponding author G. M. M., upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Federal University of Technology – Paraná and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel for scholarships granted to Thaiany da Silva Soares, the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for C.W.I. Haminiuk and G.M. Maciel research productivity grants, the Multi User Laboratory of Equipment and Environmental Analysis (LAMEAA) situated at Federal University of Technology-Paraná for making available all the instrumentation which benefited this research.

Funding

This work was supported by the Federal University of Technology – Paraná (scholarship for T. S. Soares, and resources for the Biotechnology Laboratory), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (scholarship for T. S. Soares), and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (research productivity grants for C.W.I. Haminiuk and G. M. Maciel).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology–Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Thaiany da Silva Soares, Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk & Giselle Maria Maciel

  2. Laboratory of Biotechnology, Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology (DAQBi), Federal University of Technology–Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk & Giselle Maria Maciel

Authors
  1. Thaiany da Silva Soares
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  2. Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk
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  3. Giselle Maria Maciel
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Contributions

Thaiany da Silva Soares: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft; Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk: Resources, Writing – review and editing; Giselle Maria Maciel: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review and editing, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Giselle Maria Maciel.

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da Silva Soares, T., Haminiuk, C.W.I. & Maciel, G.M. Fungal biorefinery for simultaneous production of enzymes and bioconversion of agro-industrial residues into renewable sugars and phenolic compounds. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04706-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04706-8

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