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Combination of ultrasound, microwave and conventional extraction techniques for roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa. L.) total anthocyanins and phenolics recovery: effect on antioxidant and structural properties

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Abstract

Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) has long been recognized as a source of natural food color additive. Microwave- and ultrasonic-assisted extraction are green and innovative processes widely used for natural dyes extraction. For this purpose, these two techniques as well as conventional extraction and their combination were proposed to extract total monomeric anthocyanins and total phenolics from roselle flowers. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction for 5 min yielded total monomeric anthocyanins of 13.47±0.22 mg/g and total phenolics of 163.23 ± 2.81 mg gallic acid/g of dried roselle flowers using 60% (V/V) aqueous ethanol and a solid/liquid ratio of 1/10 (g/mL). Microwave-assisted extraction required 10 min and microwave power of 180 W to extract higher monomeric anthocyanins and total phenolics. Conventional extraction required 24 h to obtain 14.46 ± 0.47 mg/g of total monomeric anthocyanins and 182.89 ± 2.49 mg gallic acid/g of total phenolics. The combination of ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction reduced the extraction time from 24 h to 15 min and significantly (p≤0.05) increased total monomeric anthocyanin (17.36 ± 0.54 mg/g), total phenolics (208.28 ± 1.43 mg gallic acid/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging antioxidant activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power by 28.88, 27.60, 73.41, and 85.77%, respectively, in comparison to ultrasound-assisted extraction. Fourier transform infrared showed that all extraction procedures did not affect the structural properties of roselle anthocyanins. This finding suggests the development of the use of green and innovative combined processes such as microwave and ultrasound for improving roselle pigment extraction for potential application in food and non food products.

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All data and findings of this study are available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful for the financial support from the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (PRFU n°B00L01EN160220180003) and socio-economical project n°85 of 2021. Authors deeply thank Pr. Ferhat Mohamed Amine and Dr. Fahima Abdellatif-Dahmane for kindly providing Microwave and Utrasound systems.

Funding

This research was funded by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, PRFU grant number B00L01EN160220180003 and socio-economical project grant number 85/2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de recherche sur les produits bioactifs et valorisation de la biomasse, Ecole Normale Supérieure, B.P 92, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria

    Habiba Boukerche, Fatiha Malki, Nawel Saidji, Nora Ghaliaoui, Ahmed Bensalem & Hind Mokrane

  2. Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis, BP 384 Bou-smail, 42004, Tipaza, RP, Algeria

    Nora Ghaliaoui

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  1. Habiba Boukerche
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Habiba Boukerche, Nora Ghaliaoui, Nawel Saidji, Ahmed Bensalem, and Fatiha Malki. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Habiba Boukerche. Writing—review and editing: Hind Mokrane and Habiba Boukerche. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Supervision: Hind Mokrane.

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Correspondence to Hind Mokrane.

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Boukerche, H., Malki, F., Saidji, N. et al. Combination of ultrasound, microwave and conventional extraction techniques for roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa. L.) total anthocyanins and phenolics recovery: effect on antioxidant and structural properties. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04029-8

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